Tether System for Guided Capsule Endoscopy
For my Appropriate Design for Global Health course, my team was assigned with designing a tether system for low cost capsule endoscopy. The system needed to guide a capsule down the length of the esophagus while also rotating the capsule in such a way that its camera captured the surface of the esophagus. Moreover, the device would be used in low resource settings, meaning that it had to be usable with minimal training and without anesthetic.
We designed four candidate solutions, two of which we pursued with further testing
Our first solution consisted of an external motor with four arms, each attached to a strand of a braided tether. We creatively called this design Four Strings with External Motor. When the motor rotated, it would rotate the tether and in turn, rotate the capsule. A proof of concept prototype looked promising, but the idea was discarded due to safety concerns.
We called another one of our possible solutions the Bladder Tube design. This design would require the patient first swallow a flexible hollow tube with a mass at the end. After the tube had been swallowed, it would be filled with water to increase the diameter and stiffness. The patient would then swallow the capsule and as peristalsis pushed the capsule down, it would rotate along the groves cut into the tether.
The Internal Motor Active Design is one of the two designs we pursued for further testing. In this design, the camera and all other internal electronics are on a platform that is rotated by a small motor inside the capsule. The motor is powered by an external source and current is fed to the motor through thin wires in the tether.
The second design that we deemed worthy of testing was our Two Strings Passive Design. This approach involved having two intertwined strings attached to a mass which the patient would swallow first. The patient would then swallow the capsule. As peristalsis pushed the capsule down, it would rotate half a rotation each time it passed one twist in the strings. We constructed a rough prototype out of cardboard as a proof of concept.
Teammates on this project were Cathrine Levins, Radhika Mohan, and Theresa Sonka